Purpose : This study was performed to compare the degree of family functioning and mental health between employed and unemployed mothers who have had 3-5 years old children. Method : The study was designed as a compared survey research. The subjects consisted of 110 employed and unemployed women. The data were collected with self-reporting questionnaire translated into Korean from Feetham Family Functioning Survey and Mental Health Inventory(Veit and Ware). Result : There was no significant difference between the employed and unemployed mothers in the existing degree of family functioning. The employed mothers were significantly higher in the expected level and degree of importance of the family functioning than the unemployed mothers. The unemployed mothers were significantly higher in the degree of satisfaction of the family functioning. There was no significant level of mental health. Conclusion : The existing level of family functioning and mental health of the employed and unemployed mothers was same.