In Korea, grown men have a duty to the military. They must serve in the military, regardless of their willingness. It is a reality that they may experience difficulty in their adjustment to military life. Therefore, this study tries to examine the relationship between a soldiers military adjustment and health promoting behaviors and mental health. The survey was conducted from September 30, 2002 to October 4, 2002. The total number of subjects who participated in this survey was 422, ages ranging from 18-28. The rank of the subjects ranged from private to sergeant and time in service ranged from 1-26 months. The instruments used for this study were Health Promotion Lifestyle Profile, Symptom Check List-90-R and a soldiers adaptation scale during Army life by Stouffer. The collected data was analyzed by using SPSS Windows Version 10.0 for mean, percentages, t-test, analysis of variance, Pearson correlation and multiple regression. The findings of this study noted: Subjects general character had no significant difference in military life adjustment but subjects educational level and time in service had an impact on health promoting behavior. Also, whether or not the subject was religious had an impact in hostility. The relation between health promoting behaviors and military life adjustments yielded a positive correlation and the relation between mental symptoms and military life adjustments yielded a negative correlation. Thus, the end results of this study depict stress management, interpersonal support and depression as significant factors related to military life adjustments. Consequently, this study suggests, in order to help a soldier make necessary military life adjustments, health promotion programs should be managed to increase health promoting behaviors and decrease mental symptoms.