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제인 스마일리의 『천 에이커』와 미국적 토지의 개념: 에코페미니즘 시각
American Concept of Land in Jane Smiley`s A Thousand Acres: An Ecofeminist Approach
이귀우 ( Lee Gwi U )
UCI I410-ECN-0102-2009-840-003120658

Ecofeminism is a movement that focuses attention on the historical link between the denigration of nature and the female. There has been many debates between ecofeminism and deep ecology or social ecology. With regard to these environmental ethics, ecofeminists maintain that many leading ecological philosophers are largely blind to their patriarchal assumptions, and hence can only replicate the logic of domination. While continuing the progression within traditional feminism, ecofeminists urge all feminists to have an ecological awareness. From an ecofeminist point of view, traditional feminisms are seen either the feminism of uncritical equality, or the feminism of uncritical reversal. This paper analyzes the novel A Thousand Acres and the movies Ran and Far and Array, which are closely related with the novel seen from an ecofeminist viewpoint. Ran is the movie that inspired Jane Smiley to give voice to Goneril and Regan by rewriting Shakespeare`s King Lear in her novel. I concentrate on the female character of Kaede in Ran, who traditionally has been interpreted as the "embodiment of vindictiveness, lust and malignity." It is Kaede who challenges Hidetora`s oppression of nature and women. Hidetora`s life of bloodthirsty savagery because of his lust for land and power caused not only his sons` behaviors but also Kaede`s revenge. The movie Far and Away is more directly related to A Thousand Acres, because the movie shows how the land is regarded by the early settlers in America: land was obtained as a prize for individual industry and opportunity for white men. From the Native American perspective, the land rush race of 1893 celebrated in the movie is nothing more than another land grab by property hungry white men. The female character in this movie, Shannon, is a very independent feminist figure but she is ignorant to the system`s oppression of women, the Native Americans, and nature. Compared to the two movies, A Thousand Acres has a very strong awareness of ecofeminist values. The female characters show different ranges of ecological and feminist awareness. In particular, Ginny comes to realize her father`s oppression of nature and women, as she awakens from the grand American history of agricultural success to articulate the dark side of the tradition.

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