When we study modern region literature, we would rather focus on `region` literature instead of `modern` literature. The terminology `region`, Jiyeok in Korean, has been acquired by the struggle with centralism. For this reason, the terminology of the region literature originates in the idea of equality. There are systematic lineages and notions in the methodology of modern region literature study as; literature study, Korean literature, Korean modern literature study, Korean modern region literature. The most important of the region literature is regionality and literality. The balance of the two determining factors is the key role of the region literature. The region literature are likely written through the idea of a regional way of thinking, way of living, way of sense etc. The contents and forms of the region literature could be expressed with regionality. When literary esthetic value could be revealed by the regionality of its own region, literary works will have a meaning in the context of the literature. If we are trying to study region literature, we can adopt historian F. Braudel`s historical viewpoint of `long-term span` on the history, and Foucault`s archeological method. With those methodologies, we can analyze the cultural background of region literature. With those methods, researchers must establish the methodology of the modern region literature study. In brief conclusion, regionality might be adopted into the research methodology. There is one distinctive feature that Gyeongsang and Jeolla province`s researchers have quite a different attitude from other province`s researchers. The reason of why they have such a different viewpoint has to do with the regional characteristics based on the long term span of history. Unlike to other researchers, the two region`s researchers are concentrating on the their own regional identities.