Oliver Twist has a distinctive characteristic meaning a pastoral atmosphere in a horrid city. Dickens uses this contradictory strategy of novel writing in order to show Victorian people`s ambivalent attitudes toward the pastoral. The contradictory strategy, in Bakhtin`s words, "the struggle of genre" meaning a genre in a genre, is shown by the outlaws and their leader Pagin in the criminal underworld of London. In Oliver Twist, Pagin is interpreted as a shepard for his lamb meaning the pickpockets. Pagin cares the petit criminals, gives them boarding and sleeping places and, educates the skills for their survivals like a shepard caring the cattle. Even though there are many critics emphasizing the immorality of Pagin, he seems to be a protector for the loafers who is destined to be executed in a jail. The reason why Dickens uses this pseudo-pastoral is he wants to show the real situation of his society, and to ask for the awakening of his contemporary people.