The history of the Hangeul orthography is a battlefield where two orthographical ideologies have struggled with each other. One is the morphemic orthography that is defined as a principle in modern orthography and the other is the phonemic one that is permitted. These two orthographies were stipulated in two points of Hunmin Jeongeum as soon as the Hangeul was invented. The phonemic one was predominant in 500 years from the King Sejong`s age to the 20th century, but Ju Sigyeong had rediscovered the King Sejong`s morphemic orthography and had brought the excellent Hangeul orthography to us that had overcome several ordeals from the flowering of Korea up to today. But the Hangeul orthography has a tendency to go back to the phonemic one again as a national law. It needs to be examined and revised. An extended version of Hangeul orthography for old Korean, transcription of foreign languages and so on is required.