This paper is aimed to clarify what the typical frame is in Korean fiction by analyzing the background of the structure of fiction. The past studies on Korean fiction have analyzed it by the external literary facteis rather than at the standpoint of the literary principles such as ideological, historical and social background. Therefore these methods depend only on the synchronical background and the way how novelists own fundermental elements vary has been ignored. Moreover, since historical method emphasize too much the relation ship between the society and the novel or the period and the novel, the aesthetic system of fiction tend to be ignored. In order to make up for this defect the piinciple of the background should be applied. And the typical frame of Korean fiction is to be clarified in this essay. As a result the followings are produced. Q The classification of the background is not subsidiary means helping to make certain the character and the behavior. While the background appeared in the novels of 19th century played a subsidiary role, in modern fiction the background constructs the metaphorical world as spiritual setting and moreover has its own meaning. ? Time appeared in the fackground can be perceived as the artificial world of consciousness, that is, artificial time. The past novels emphasized the ordering of natural time, but the modern novels include phylosophical meaning of time more strongly by implying the world of consciousness. ? Space appeared in the background, which was subsidiary means, has the side corresponding with the symbolism of the character and the events as a stage meaningful in itself. As a example the symbolism of the cities in ruins shown in the post-war novels can be taken. In conclusion the typical frame in Korean fiction, which is explained through the conception of "time and space" becomes significant in post Korean-war fiction as a gradual development of artificial time and symbolic space.