"The Han Culture" means the culture of Two-Han period (B.C. 2 century -All 2 century), and "Han racial character" means the character of the Han race which created pre-Ch`in China on the north China plain. Han race``s pre-Ch`in China had a great difference in their territory and racial constitution with that of Han dynasty, but when we say "Han Racial Culture", it generally includes ``Han culture" within there. Nonetheless, I distinguish their character in this paper to emphasize the drastic change in Han dynasty and to emphasize that it is unfair sometimes to name them with synonyms, Since Two-Han culture became a cultural foundation of the forthcoming age, I, think the study of the cultural change in Han period could lead us to understand the character of the traditional Chinese culture more clearly. This work should be done from many perspectives, but I went on my study here from literary aspect in the first stage.(2)1. Ch``u-tz``u(楚辭) and Ch``u-ko (楚歌) Ch``u-tz``u and Ch``u-ko were developed from the songs of Ch``u, located at China``s southern district. Hence they carry with southernly passion and rythmical variety, which are quite different from the former Han race``s songs in their emotion and style. Ch``u-tz``u was, at first, written by Ch``u-yuan（屈原 B. C. 343- 290?), but actually they were read and prevailed from Han period. And Ch``u-yuan``s works began to be interpreted as patriotic poems from this time. Though Ch``u-ko are almost same in style with Ch``u-tz``u, but in length they are far shorter. Ch``u-ko were prevailed from the early Han dyansty, even the emperor Liu-pang (劉邦), B. C. 247-195), Hsaing-yu(?羽)B. C. 232-202), Liu-Ch``e(劉澈, B.C. 156-87) left some famous Ch`` u-ko writings. Ch``u was thought as a district of southern barbarian in pre-Ch`in era. Songs of barbarians began to be read and written from Han period, and that means a drastic change in the Chinese culture from Han dynasty. 2. Fu(賦) In the early stage of Han dynasty, Ch``u-tz``u was developed into another new forms, Fu of Han. Fu made the prime object on its writing with the grandiloquence, ornamentation and display of expression, and became more formalized and prosifled than Ch``u-tz``u. It seems to me that Han race were so unaccustomed to the rythm of the songs of Ch``u that their inexperiences in the writings of Ch``u-tz``u cannot help transforming it to Fu. I think, mimetism in Fu writing which prevailed throughout Two-Han also could be a circumstantial evidence to the above hypothesis. And most of the Fu writers of Han period were engaged in flattery to the Emperor, we cannot find a rightous man among them. Comparing to the Han race, who were traditionally respecting rightousness, we find a wide difference in the Fu writer``s character. These characters of Fu and Fu writers in Han period, which represent literature of Han, show us an aspect of drastic change of the Han culture from the original Han race``s character. 3. Five-word Poetry(五言詩) : In the former-Han era, typical form of Chinese poetry, Five-word poetry came into being. Though "Nineteen Old Poems(古言十九首)" and "Poems of Lee ling(李陵詩)" were not written in the early period of Han dyansty, we cannot deny that Five-word poetrybroke out during the reign of Wu-(武帝，劉澈). "Five-word" means "Five syllabic", and comparing with previous Four-word poetry, they are buoyant in rythm. This drastic change n the rythm cannot occur without contact with the heterogeneous culture, that is without the change in their songs and language. 4. Prose writings: Prose writings of Han period also tend to the ihetorical flourish and regdlarization of the passage from the beginning. Especially, prose of the Pu writers of the early periods of Han, such as Chia-yi(??) B. C 201-169), Ssu-ma Hsiang-ju(司?相如, B. C. 179?-lI7) have more regular word form and more antithetical expression. We could say that their prose writings were a start of Pien-wen(?文) which flourished at Nan-pei-ch``ao(南北朝). The formalizing tendency of prose became more intense in Late-Han period. It seems that because Han writers were lost the rythm and intonation of the Han race``s conventional language, they couldn``t but write the prose like that.(3) If we take a careful look on entire Chinese history, we can find a various change in Han dynasty. Politically autocratic system was solidly fixed, socially men-women re``ation and concept of Confucian teachings such as Chung(忠, loyalty or faithfulness), Hsiao (% Filial Piety), etc. were changed, philosophically Yin-yang(?陰) principles and Wuhsing(五行) theory were applied to many fields. And when we study the problem through literature, we find a drastic change of Han race``s cultural character at the time of Han. I think when we talk about the tradition of Chinese culture, we have to give consideration on the drastic change of this era. Furthermore, we guess dynasties of non-Chinese race such as Nan-pei-ch``ao(南北朝), Yuan(元) and Ch``ing（?) also had this kind of change.Hereby, I think, when we give consideration to these changes, we can understand the correct meaning of long history of the Chinese culture.