So-called war literature is literature on the theme of war, searching for humanity. In order to understand the essence of the war literature we must at first explain the concept of war. There exist many different points of view, but it is possible to say that war is armed conflict that arouses at the certain time to realize the intention of mass organizations or states to hold certain organization and appropriate territory through the submission of the rival. From this point of view is obvious that the historical event known as the disturbance or accident of the 25th June was an act of war. We call it Korean War. If we trace the origin of the war literature, in the case of Western literature we can reach the Greek Illiad or the medieval songs of the soldiers of the Cross. But as to the concept of genres, we can speak about war literature only from the 19th century. At the beginning of the 19th century in the period of Napoleon`s aggression to Germany rose the movement of so called "freedom literature" (Freiheitsdichtung) on purpose to protect the freedom of fatherland. Then experiencing the 1st World War the war literature developed into the anti-war literature. Even though we define this literature as the "literature searching for humanity through the war theme", the war-literature is not written with the only one goal-to support the humanism. Because there is also agitation and propaganda literature that is written for the purpose to encourage the victory and mobilize the nation. In the narrow sense, the war literature is the anti-war literature, reportages or documentary literature, literature about "going home", pure lyrical war literature etc. Whereas in the wide sense, the war literature means also the agitation and propaganda literature and other reportages and documentary literature that was not written on purpose to awake humanism, but rather to encourage people. Meanwhile there exist advocates of the opinion that the literature that was not written on the theme of the real war is not the war literature, but if we consider the fact that literature is basically fiction, such opinion is not persuasive. For the discussion on the war literature in Korean literary circles in the 50~60`s including the war period is characteristic that there does not exist almost any debate on the anti-war literature and that the majority considers only the matter of mobilization purpose of literature. Two possible of this fact are: 1/The majority of the contemporary theory of the war literature was limited by Korean Was hence the objective introspection at that time was impossible. 2/ In the situation of Korean War that was subject to the ideological cold war intellectuals could not criticize Korean War that had character of the war of ideologies. Consequently the critique of Korean War was convicted of pro-communism and that meant the deprivation of the right to live-such were circumstances in Korea. Good example is so-called "Theory of Construction of the Cultural Front". Korean War was not simply the war between South and North but the struggle of democracy with communism, and it means not only political and military confrontation, but also the cultural one. Cultural confrontation means the confrontation between Cominform/Communist Information Bureau/and the united front of free democratic culture, that was built to obstruct Cominform-the core of Soviet ideology. If we understand that Korean War was the international collision of the marxist and the democratic cultural front, the fact that the critique of war in the period when ideology of cold war was governing the society, was not allowed to the Korean intellectuals, is the matter of course. Theory of the war literature of that period is as follows. 1/ In the war time the literature mobilizes citizens to struggle through the groups of spiritual struggle. But this changed with the time and in the 60`s when the theme of war became more objective to certain level, the thesis that literature written on the theme of war can search for humanism reappeared. It means that the war-literature returned to its essential meaning. 2/ As was already shown, Korean War literature must construct the cultural front. 3/ In war is important agitation and propagandism and the writer`s personal experience is necessary on this field. 4/ Since the golal of war is victory, intellectuals must "promote friendship among soldiers as strong as iron and stone, and love towards fatherland, and exalt hostility like blazing fire." The research about war literature in the contemporary Korean literature was exceedingly indifferent. Till today the majority of theories are more or less limited to Korean War and almost all of them are not able to free themselves from the rationalizing the mobilizing literature. Therefore the Korean theory of the war lierature now must turn to the study of against-war literature or the literature written on the theme of postwar times study this literature systemically and deeply.