The objectives of this study were to analyze historical records showing the gentry`s experience in exile to Jeju during the 17th century and, by doing so, to reveal the cultural meanings of such experiences. In the 17th century, strife among political factions of literati became serious and, as a result, exiles occurred frequently as a social phenomenon, which in turn exerted considerable influences on the community of the Jeju Island. Exile is a punishment for political felons who escaped death but were sent to a remote place and isolated there for the whole life. Those whose crime was particularly serious were sent to an island like Jeju. Records showing experiences in exile to Jeju are mostly prosaic materials. These materials are ethnographic by nature, describing the general features of Jeju in their own ways, while there are few official records on the island. In addition, they commonly look at Jeju from the viewpoint of aliens, namely, others. This means that their view lacks in identity, which may be expected from Jeju natives. What are considered noteworthy from this aspect are some exiles` devoted activities to educate and enlighten people using their talents despite the hard environment of the place of exile. Although exile deprived them of their political roles, it could not infringe their scholarly roles. Accordingly, those who reestablished their status as a scholar and educator without being daunted by the environment of exile left indescribable intellectual heritages in the place of exile. Of course, these heritages were based on Neo?Confucianism. Thus, Neo? Confucian heritages in Jeju are believed to be the sociological outcomes of Jeju exile culture.