This paper is aimed at examining the locality of Yeongnam region in Korea and the philosophical orientation of modern writers in Yeongnam. Modern writers in Yeongnam region were influenced by the ideas of Yi Whang, ``Joori theory``(theory which was developed independently in Korea from Chinese dualistic philosophy of Chu-Hsi and stressed particularly the role of the formative or normative elements, Li, as the basis of the activity of Ki). Later, they turned from Joori theory to socialism. It can be called ``third conversion`` in Korean Modern literature. Their conversion was achieved on the basis of the affinity between Joori theory and socialism, idealistic world-view and attitudes toward emotion and reason. Therefore this conversion is not a absolute break away form Joori theory, but an interim break away. It can be called ``Confucian socialism`` or ``conservative progressivism``. It is the locality of Yeongnam region in Korea and the philosophical orientation of modern writers in Yeongnam. Because of this locality and the philosophical orientation, the works by modern writers in Yeongnam had hybridity. They had various literary tendencies and wide variations. But this locality was incompatible with modern literature. In the end, this locality precluded modern writers in Yeongnam from becoming desirable modern writers.