본 연구는 개혁·개방이라는 변혁의 시대를 살아가는 연변지역 조선족 아동과 한족 아동 문제행동 의 차이를 연구하고 아동의 문제행동에 영향을 미치는 요인을 비교하여 아동의 조기개입과 학교현장에서 맞춤형 상담서비스를 제공하려는데 의의가 있다. 연구대상은 연길시 초등학교 5·6학년 조선족 아동 324명, 한족 아동 313명 총 637명을 선정하였으며 자료분석은 SPSS 16.0을 사용하여 기술 통계, 차이검증, 단계적 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 연구결과 조선족 아동은 한족 아동보다 문제행동에 서 유의미한 차이를 나타냈으며 특히 외현화 문제행동에서 더 많은 부적응을 나타냈다. 또한 조선 족 아동은 외현화 문제행동에서 성별, 탄력성, 가족유형이 영향을 미치는 요인으로 나타났고, 한족 아동은 가족지지, 성별, 탄력성으로 나타났다. 내면화 문제행동에서 조선족 아동은 친구지지, 가족지 지, 학년이 영향을 미치는 요인으로 나타났지만, 한족 아동은 가족지지와 성별로 나타났다. 이러한 결과에 더해, 아동의 긍정적인 발달을 위해서는 탄력성 증진을 위한 다양한 노력이 개입되어야 할 필요성이 있다.

The purpose of this study was to provide the early intervention for children and the customized counseling services in the schools by examining the differences of behavioral problems in-between Korean-Chinese children and Chinese children living in Yanbian area at the time of reform and opening policy in China, and by comparing the factors that influenced their behavioral problems. The population was 637 children who consisted of 324 Korean-Chinese children and 313 Chinese children in 5th and 6th graders of Yanji city. To analynize the data. technical statistics, t-test, stepwise regression were used in using SPSS 16.0. As a result, it showed that there was significant difference statistically in the behavioral problems of and Chinese children, and maladjustment of the Korean-Chinese children was highly shown especially in external behavioral problems. And, it showed that gender, resilience, and family type of children were influencing factors to external behavioral problems for the Korean-Chinese children, while family support, gender, and resilience were influencing factors for the Chinese children. In terms of internal behavioral problems, it showed that friend support, family support, and grade of children were influencing factors for the Korean-Chinese children, while family support and gender of children were influencing factors for the Chinese children. In addition to these results, this study suggested that it was necessary to make various efforts on the promotion of resilience in order for improving positive development of children.