From the middle of ;0th century, chinese traditional culture faced a big disaster along with the ideology of socialism. They not only destroyed the material entity of the traditional folk culture, but also totally prohibited the local knowledge of all other different value with socialism, such as folk belief, custom and ritual, art and performances. Recently in ;`` century, China became very interested in the project of World Oral and Intangible Cultural Heritage of UNESCO and already established a list of Chinese Cultural Heritage. It almost seems for the local people to get a good chance to succeed the tradition and establish the local culture. The Yuanxiao Festival of Xiafang Village is a seasonal festival under the circumstance of agricultural village and lineage tradition of the last name Chen in clan society. This festival is a part of their everyday life culture, a folk culture based on their folk belief of Chen Jinggu. The festival is composed of the ritual carried by a monk of Lushan-jiao (閭山敎)，a branch of Taoism and the puppet performance Nai``niang-zhuan performed by puppeteers. Nai``niang means ‘milk mom’ literally, but it indicates Chen Jinggu, a goddess of protecting everyday life, especially guarding children from their birth to their growing and everything. So the belief of Chen Jinggu is very popular in Fujian, because bearing and bringing up the children is the most important thing in the clan society. They succeeded the knowledge and the way of thinking folded in the folk belief through the very mistic but very practical ritual and the very interesting art form of puppet show. This paper is a result of the field research carried from January to ，;0`` by moon calendar in the Xiafang village, Shouning Prefecture, Fujian Province. I intended to investigate how they are unfolding their local knowledge in a peculiar religious and artistic way through the festival and the performance and to discuss the function and the value of this local intangible cultural heritage.