Purpose: The purpose of this research is to identify factors affecting suicidal ideation of the low income elderly. Methods: The study subjects were lowest-income(basic living allowance) and lower-income elders who were registered for home visiting services at five District Health Centers in Seoul. Interview data were collected from 280 elders and analyzed. Using SPSS/WIN 21, x2-test and t-test were conducted to analyze the relationship between the subjects` characteristics and their suicidal ideation, and logistic regression was done to identify factors affecting suicidal ideation. Results: Of the subjects, 48.6% had suicidal ideation for the last one year. Self evaluated psychological status, quality of sleep, depression, and loneliness were affecting factors to the subjects` suicidal ideation. Conclusion: Psychological and social factors are strongly related to the suicidal ideation of the elderly who are living alone in metropolitan areas. Therefore, home visiting services should supply physical, psychological and social cares continuously to the low-income elderly, especially those who live alone in metropolitan areas.