Active or passive migrations have always changed social static circumstances. The Italian migration phenomenon of the XX century was a real “history of people” with its own beginning in a serie of tales that twist and turn through both oral remembrances and private writings’ archives. Those documents, which were too long underestimated, revealed themselves as important materials rich of features such as language, literature, history, anthropology, geography, all-related elements that with an analytical and scientific approach have clearly drafted a socio-historical phenomenon. The present study is an analytical journey through the letters of Italians, women and men, who migrated at the beginning of the XX century. With their experiences and writings they have built up a new identity becoming authors of themselves, their lives, their mother tongue and the bilingualism of their sons. They have truly determined the evolution of contemporary Italian language and history opening the borders of Italian culture towards a ‘still in progress’ construction of an intercultural identity.