In this paper, we study the instrument panel design of excavator considering the improvement of cognition. The instrument panel provide important information to driver concerning about safe operation and play an important role to grasp the driving situation information quickly and accurately taking into account the driver`s visibility. Therefore, the cognition process based on instrument panel is important for not only the safety of operation also working efficiency. On the other hand, it shows that the effectively designed device reduce the worker`s errors and help to overcome the complexity of a dynamic system. It is very important issue for designer what kind of information should be provided and how to visualize and layout it within a limited area of panel via interface in designing the effective visual information display device. In this paper, we propose the design guide lines of instrument panel for the purpose of cognition improvement based on the result of several experiment concerned about variety information through the instrument panel.