This study investigates how Korean hospitals develop organization and human resources to grow long-term viability in environmental change from structural perspective. In order to accomplish this goal, this study relies upon literature research and experience research of author. The change and the development of the hospital organization is described by government policy, change of system and historical flow. The following is a summary of the results. First, hospitals should be against the routine and arbitrary organization behavior. It will be possible to meet the needs of times that the organization structure is converted into patient-centered system. Second, hospitals should be flexible not rigid by reducing the control on core manpower such as doctors and nurses. Consequently, hospitals would be able to develop target healthcare service that customers want and need. Third, hospitals have to change organizational structure to overcome uncertainty of environment and make the culture that is demanded by the future medical market. Because the organizational culture that has been developed by adjusting to the external environment and internal combination have a influence on consciousness and behavior of members.