The purpose of this study was to clarify the effect of the physical exercise program, focused on the children`s ability to adapt to the applied programs as well as the improvement of social ability, when it was applied to children with autism and mentally handicapped. The study showed overall affirmative results as follows. Firstly, it was assessed that children with mentally handicapped were better adapted to the program than those with mentally handicapped during the whole period of 12 weeks that 24 kinds of physical exercise programs were applied. Secondly, the improvement of social ability as a result of the program was also observed differently between the group of autism and mentally handicapped. Thirdly, the adaptation ability of children with autism during the application of the program was observed as in the following order, - moving material - walking with ball between legs - pushing swing - etc. while children with mentally handicapped were observed as in the following order, - boarding airplane - passing ball in turns - moving material - etc. Finally, the exercise program was considered to contribute significantly to the improvement of social ability of both children with autism and mentally handicapped.