This study developed a measurement scale that uses the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to help create an optimal textbook selection process for teachers. To this end, this study first established a logical three-layer structure to evaluate Korean language textbooks, and this structure is comprised of an evaluation domain (level 1), an evaluation category (level 2), and an evaluation item (level 3). 32 Korean language textbook specialists carried out a pairwise comparison to determine the relative weights of the factors for each level, and the AHP formula was then applied to calculate the relative weights. The results indicate that for the evaluation domain (leve1 1), `content` was relatively more important than `format` and `background`, and in the `content` category (level 2), `learning activities` and `texts` were given a higher importance. Also, the `appropriateness of volume`, `effectiveness of design in teaching-learning`, and `professionalism of author` were found to have high levels of relative importance. Finally, the relative importance of the evaluation items was found to be quite different even under the same evaluation category (level 2).