This thesis is to clarify that Mishima Yukio`s A Defense of Culture which became the ideological basis of New Right in 1960`s was formed by the influence of the preface of classical Kokinshu. First of all, we pointed out the point that Mishima emphasizes `Miyabi` when he talked about the war situation as a cultural concept through the classic in A Defense of Culture. The `Miyabi` which Mishima explains about is what represents the culture of dynasty in the Heian Period and it is powerless and ineffective. Therefore, the Japanese Emperor who is the source of this `Miyabi` world is separated from the realistic politics, but owing to this ineffectiveness it can have the comprehensiveness embracing the whole of Japanese culture all the more. This paper clarifies that the former idea is established on the ground of Mishima;s viewpoint of Kokinshu through A Defense of Culture and the criticism as to his Kokinshu. And in reality, we reviewed the foreword of Kokinshu directly and pointed out the point that we understood Mishma`s preface of Kokinshu exactly. And in the last chapter we argued that Mishima`s mention to keep `the Japanese Emperor as a cultural concept` was the attempt to point out the aesthetics of behavior of people to keep it, and the pursuit to unify their behavior with poems. In this respect, we discussed that A Defense of Culture was established through the method of the same fiction as the structure of literary world.