1955년 이후 대거 등장한 전후 신세대 비평가들은 대학이라는 학적 제도아래 출현했다. 즉, 전후 비평계의 신세대는 엘리티시즘을 표방하는 대학이 보편화되는 가운데 이러한 `학력자본(capital scolaire)`의 획득과 결부되어 문화적 패권을 확립할 수 있었다. 이 과정에서 국문학 전공자들과 외국문학 전공자들 각자의 문단적 연대가 형성되었으며, 이는 1960년대 비평의 특수성이라 할 만하다. 따라서 본고는 1950년대 대학의 보편화 이후 문학 장에서 과거식민지 세대와 변별되는 이들 집단의 아비투스(habitus)에 주목했다. 다시 말해, 부르디외의 `학력자본`이라는 개념을 통해, 유종호와 김현 등 외국문학 전공자들이 당대 문단에 출현하게 된 계기와 그 문학관을 좀더 구체적으로 밝혀보고자 했다. 유종호의 `언어에 대한 자의식`과 김현의 `미학적 감수성`은 전후세대와 4.19세대다운 면모뿐 아니라, 외국문학전공자의 아이덴티티를 여실히 보여준다. 더구나 김현의 경우 초기 비평관은 외국문학에 대한 `올바른 수용 자세`를 고민하던 외국문학도의 자의식과 무관하지 않았다. 흥미롭게도 김현의 이 시기는 『사계(四季)』 동인 활동기와 중첩되며, 바로 이 동인지에 실린 글들을 통해 그가 바슐라르식 상상력 이론에 이미 깊이 감화되어 있었음을 확인했다.
In 1950s, critics of the new generation could make the cultural creation improved supported by the social conditions of the self-consciousness as the first critics who majored in Korean literature as well as institutional stability of literary journals. In some sense, the criticisms before and after the Korean war were formed under the so-called literary education in which `the new generation` had affinity with registering institutions in universities. In that era, the critics who had had literal ability that had not been limited in any specific major and so omnipotent power as `observer` to influence greatly on literary section in newspaper did not exist any more. Of course, though it can be said that criticism, in any time, cannot go far beyond the power relations in the literary world, the new generation in the criticism before and after the Korean war especially could dominate cultural power by being related to acquisition of `capital scholaire` as universities emphasized elitism. In this process, necessarily each literary circles who majored in Korean literature and foreign literature respectively formed literary solidarities. For this reason, this study focuses on the collective `habitious` which was different from previous generations. By using Bourdieu`s term, `capital scholaire`, I try to find out not only the more specific reasons why Yu, Jong-Ho, Kim, Hyun, and etc. who had majored in foreign literature could appear in the contemporary literary world but also their perspectives in literature. In case of Yu, Jong Ho, his `self-consciousness to the language` shows the new generations` tendencies before and after the war and the identity as the one who had studied in foreign literature. Kim Hyun`s early criticism could not be detached from a person`s self consciousness who had studied in foreign literature and thought about the `justifiable acceptance` of foreign literature. Interesting enough, Kim Hyun in that time was a member of `Sa-Ge` and it can be witnessed that he applied Bachelard`s theory on imagination in the article that was published in Sa-Ge. .