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KCI 등재
아프리카계 미국사회의 반공동체 의식에 대한 토니 모리슨의 비판적 시각
Toni Morrison`s Critical Perspectives of African Americans` Anti-Communalism
이영철 ( Young Cheol Lee )
영어영문학21 30권 1호 181-206(26pages)
UCI I410-ECN-0102-2018-800-000404289

This study discusses Toni Morrison`s critical perspectives on African Americans` anti-communalism in Song of Solomon, Sula, and Paradise. Morrison shows that materialism and paternalism, egotistic individualism, sexual exclusivism, and racial-sexual chauvinism in the black community serve as abusive obstacles to the founding and maintenance of community based on love, obstacles to the fraternal love of community, and obstacles to the love for fellow human beings. In Song of Solomon, Morrison`s perspective puts her critical focus on the patriarchal violence of Macon Dead who oppresses his family members and on his capitalistic materialism that extorts rent from his poor tenants. In Sula, Morrison`s critical focus is not only on Sula`s self-centered individualism that destroys family hierarchy and community rules but also on the community that denies Sula`s essence and dishonors her. Morrison shows that both Sula and the community go astray from African American communalism, and that each destroys the other. In Paradise, her critical focus is on the community that defines itself by disdain for racial-sexual others and by acts of violence against them. She argues that the community has copied the whites` capitalistic values, paternalism, sexual exclusivism, and racial chauvinism. She shows that the copied society doesn`t share other genders`, classes`, races` identities and consciousness with its racial community. Finally, through her critical perspectives, Morrison stresses that African Americans should form and maintain communities where people understand each other and accept racial, cultural, sexual differences. More specifically, her ideal communalism means that all people, no matter what their racial, sexual, and/or cultural backgrounds may be, have their unique identities, and should be accepted in the equilibrium of multiple subjectivities.

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