Purpose: The purpose of this research is to enhance organizational competitiveness of health centers as well as private medical institutions serving as public health and medical institutions. It tries to help them to cope with the requirements from health consumers, to enhance public health nurses` job performance, Methods: After verifying the reliability of the tool, confirmatory factor analysis was used to detect a model, in which valid path coefficients exist among variables. The detected model was then selected as the subject and its validity was verified. Finally, a structural equation model was applied to verify whether the estimate was suitable for the purpose of this research. Results: As for the nursing organizational culture, the public health nurses considered relation-oriented culture the most desirable. As for the self-leadership, they considered self-compensation the most desirable. It was found that mediating effects of self-leadership was partially significant. Conclusion: To enhance job performance, it is necessary to make a transition from the organizational culture to the relation-oriented culture and it is also necessary to develop a program capable of reinforcing self-leadership. In addition, it is necessary to conduct a research to verify whether such a developed self-leadership program is influential on job performance enhancement.