語言和文字的關系問題是語言學的基本理論問題。現代語言學的語言和文字觀，主要來自于現代語言學之父索緖爾的“文字表現語言”。但索緖爾的硏究是建立在對表音體系的語言文字硏究的基礎上。漢字是典型的表意體系文字，用“文字表語觀”來硏究漢語和漢字、指導漢語和漢字敎學顯然不勾確切。因此，全面認識、深入硏究漢語和漢字的關系，對漢語硏究和應用意義重大。本文縱觀漢語硏究史，根据各家學者的硏究將漢語和漢字的關系總結爲“一體觀”、“表語觀”、“漢字至上觀”、“平等觀”、“表達觀”、“互動觀”等六種觀点。指出在漢語硏究和漢語敎學中應充分考慮漢語和漢字的獨特關系。幷以美國A&M大學網絡漢語敎學爲案例，闡釋了運用漢語漢字的互動觀設計了“語”、“文”分開的初級漢語敎學模式的優勢和可行性。

The subject of the relationship between language and character is the basic theoretical problem about linguistic. The view on language and character in modern linguistics mainly comes from “character is the manifestation of language” which proposed by Saussure, the father of modern linguistics. But the study from Saussure is based on the research of language and character which is from alphabetic words system. Because Chinese character is the typical ideographic words, using “character is the manifestation of language” to research on Chinese language and Chinese character is obviously inexact. Therefore, it has the great significance on the Chinese language research, to find out the relationship between Chinese language and Chinese character by overall understanding and further research. This article takes a panoramic view of the history of research on Chinese language, according to various kinds of study, and we sum up the relationship between Chinese language and Chinese character that “unity” “manifestation of language” “character first” “equality” “expression” “interaction” etc. It should be considered adequately the unique relationship between Chinese and Chinese characters in the Chinese research and Chinese teaching, The view of interaction demonstrate the advantage and feasibility of the idea of teaching spoken Chinese and characters separately. Taking the Chinese teaching via videoconferencing in A & M University as an example, the paper explains the advantages and feasibility of using the interactive view of Chinese language and Chinese characters to design the primary Chinese teaching mode of teaching spoken Chinese and characters separately.