存現句是指表示事物存在、出現、消失的句式。 存現句的基本結構爲“NP1+VP+NP2”, NP1是由表示處所的方位名詞或方位短語、時間名詞或時間名詞短語構成, VP是由“V+着/了”構成, NP2是某處所裏存在、出現、消失的人或事物, 若V是不及物動詞, NP2是動作的發出者, V是及物動詞, NP2是動作的對象。 本文爲了考察高級階段韓國學習者的存現表達方式進行了實驗。 實驗對象分爲兩個組, 實驗組的韓國受試是韓漢飜譯專業的硏究生10人以及達到新HSK6級以上水平的成人學習者10人, 共20人, 對照組是中國受試20人。 通過文件調査方式, 共收集了1200例語料, 對習得過程中出現的偏誤類型及成因進行分析, 進而提出與之相關的敎學策略和技巧。 實驗結果表明, 中國受試表達存在義時普遍使用存現句式, 而韓國受試主要選擇“V在NP”結構, 至於存現句式往往採取回避策略。 按照所出現偏誤的性質, 大致可分爲以下幾種: 第一, 誤加介詞。 存現句的主語不需要介詞的介引, 不過韓國受試受母語的影響, 習慣性地在句首處所詞前誤加介詞“在”。 第二, V是不及物動詞時, 把存在主體錯放在動詞前, V是及物動詞時, 誤加動詞的施事。 第三, 存在主體一般是無定名詞。 無定性表示名詞短語的指稱在特定的語境中, 聽話人的心裏沒有具體的所指, 但說話人的心裏有特定的指稱對象。 存現句中賓語是傳遞信息的主要部分, 視爲未知信息, 因此具體而不確指的人或事物, 不過韓國受試完全沒有意識到存現賓語的無定性, 敎師對此須格外注意。

Existential sentence refers to the basic structure of existence, and out of the sentence. The existential sentence is “NP1+VP+NP2”, NP1 is composed of said premises range noun or phrase, noun or time range time noun phrases, VP is composed of “V+着/了+NP2”, which is a person or thing in the somewhere there disappear, if verb is an intransitive verb, NP2 is the doer of the action, verb is a transitive verb, NP2 is the object of action. In order to study the advanced stage of Korean learners presentive expression experiments were carried out. The experimental subjects were divided into two groups, the experimental group of Korean subjects are: students in Graduate School of translation 10 people, reach the HSK6 level of the adult learners of 10 people, a total of 20 people, the control group is 20 Chinese people. Through the document survey, collected a total of 1200 cases of corpus, appeared in the process of learning the error type and the causes are analyzed, and then put forward the related teaching strategies and skills. The experimental results show that the Chinese subjects expressed meaning when the widespread use of existential sentences, while Korean subjects mainly choose “V在NP” structure, the existential sentences often take evasive strategies according to the nature of the error. There, can be roughly divided into the following categories: first, mistaking the existential preposition. The subject of sentence does not need to introduce Korean prepositions, but by the influence of mother tongue, habitually in the sentence first place word before the error with the preposition “在”. Second, “V” is an intransitive verb, the subject is misplaced in before the verb, “V” is a transitive verb, error plus verb the agent. Third, there is the main general indefinite noun. No qualitative representation of noun phrases referring in a specific context, the hearer's heart, there is no specific meaning, but the speaker's heart has a specific reference object. The object stored in sentences is the main part of the transmission of information And as the unknown information, so specific and unspecified person or thing, but no qualitative Korean subjects did not realize the existential object, teachers should pay special attention to this.