The revised Korean Language Arts Curriculum of 2015 has been published and new textbooks are being distributed in every school. This study reviews critical issues of content organization and achievement standards in Korean speaking and listening education. This article suggests ways to develop a practical and effective Korean speaking and listening education for the next curriculum. The elements of content organization and the achievement standards should be designed using authentic data about students' communication practices. Mother tongue speaking and listening education should be given priority above other education areas because good oral work enhances students' understanding of both spoken and written forms of language and communication. The elements of content organization and achievement standards need to be integrated by connecting structural elements to the five areas of Korean language education. Finally, the national curriculum needs to allow textbook writers and teachers more flexibility to produce better and more creative results. Social network services should be included as important sources of speaking and listening education.