This paper tried to introduce the concept and characteristics of new religious movement in the 5~6 centuries of China, that is Samkeikyo, in relation to the social conditions and the religious atmosphere of that times. At that times, in Chinese society, the Samkeikyo was the most popular religion because its doctrine and practice had the proper spirit of that times and it emphasized strongly the social practice and the religion for people. Therefore, it is called ‘religion proper to times’. At that times, many of new Buddhist sect take an active part in the political, social and religious aspects. Therefore, it is important to investigate the social meaning through analyses for the characters of Chinese Samkeikyo and to examine historically its formation and development, in order to understand the sociology of Buddhism. Accordingly, this paper is constituted of the base and formation in relation to the eschatology of Buddhism, and the doctrine of Samkeikyo, which has been affected by the particular historical circumstance of Chinese society and the social change of that times. I wish that this paper will eventually contribute to the possibility of the sociology of Buddhism as well as the study of the Millennium movement in in view of Buddhism.