This paper classifies the words which display the source’s position of VchuO(lai/qu) and congOVchu(lai/qu) into locative word and non-locative word. On the basis of that, this paper analyzes the similarity and difference between the meanings and characteristics of the two structures, and explains the reasons of this by cognitive grammar.
First, while the locative word is used in the source’s position, this paper classifies locative word into absolute ones and relative ones based on the absoluteness and relativity of the location. In addition, the distribution of two kinds of word is analyzed through using corpus. From this, it is concluded that there is some tendency that VchuO(lai/qu) prefers the absolute word to another. this paper claims that this phenomenon is caused by the characteristics of source’s position of VchuO(lai/qu), which only requires the unmarked three-dimensional space that can be immediately recognized because of its definite boundaries. On the other hand, there is no such tendency in congOVchu(lai/qu).
Second, while the non-locative word is used in the source’s position, because this kinds of words can represent the meaning of object and space, there are some differences between the defense of VchuO(lai/qu) and congOVchu(lai/qu). In other words, the non-locative word is related to object than space, so it can easily appear in VchuO(lai/qu) without defense. This is because, when the source argument of VchuO(lai/qu) appear in the structure, the structure itself can confirm the space of the source. However, there is no such function in congOVchu(lai/qu). In addition, the non-locative word which has two-dimensional space meaning can appear easily in VchuO(lai/qu) by metonymy because of the three features of the metonymy.