1910年東京で生まれた黑澤明は15年間續いた戰爭期に20代を送り、敗戰後には30代になっていた。敗戰後に30代半ばを向かえていた黑澤は世代的には戰前派に屬するが、彼は樣々な面において同世代とは異なる經驗をしていた。滿州事變が起こる直前である1930年、20歲になった黑澤は徵兵檢査を受けるが徵集對象からは除外された。黑澤の例外的な經驗、つまり戰爭經驗の不在は、結果的には民族主義や國家主義、天皇制に關する檢討の空白へとつながった。彼は戰前はもちろん、戰中や戰後においても映畵を製作しつづけたが、戰中には國策映畵を、被占領中には民主主義映畵を、戰後にはいわゆる「日本的な價値」を標榜する映畵を作り續けた。本稿では黑澤明の戰爭經驗と世代論とを對比させながら、彼が時代をどのように解釋し前景化していったかについて考察してみた。
Kurosawa Akira was born in Tokyo in 1910. He had spent his 20s during the Asia-Pacific War and was in his mid-thirties after losing. Although Kurosawa belongs to the prewar generation, he has a different experience from this generation in many ways. In 1930, right before the Manchuria incident, Kurosawa, who turned 20, underwent a conscription examination but was excluded from the draft. The exceptional experience of Kurosawa, or lack of experience in war, resulted in a vacuum of review on nationalism, nationalism and imperial rule. He was influenced by the war, but he still made movies. He made national films during the Asia-Pacific War and democratic films under U.S. occupation. And after the war, he made a movie that claimed to be Japanese values. In this article, he compared Kurosawa Akira's experiences in war with his generation discourse and discussed how his exceptional experiences became generalization.