This paper focuses on changes in the global ecology, particularly regarding the tendency toward globalization and advances in technology that are known as the Fourth Industrial Revolution. For example, the pursuit of universality predicts the disappearance of several languages, and the development of cognitive science and technology encroaches on the functional use of languages, such as for interpretation and translation. In view of the changing language ecology of modern society, this paper seeks to predict the future of Korean language education. This paper is based on the premise that the diversity and specificity of languages and culture should be respected in modern society. While considering changes in the global language ecology, this paper discusses the future of the Korean language and Korean language education in the context of national identity and cultural representation. In addition, this paper examines the challenges of Korean language education in the context of the “multiliteracies” that focus on the diversity of language and culture, and the influence of media technology. In this paper, this paper traces the development of Korean language education as a native language and Korean language education as a foreign language in the perspective of nationalism regarding changes in the global language ecology. Specifically, this paper proposes directions and ways to expand the ecology of Korean education, in terms of language and cultural education, and discuss the future of education. In conclusion, this paper emphasizes the importance of Korean language education as a native language in the contemporary global language ecology, where language and cultural diversity and media influence are increasing.