The study aims to analyze the impact of social capital, which is increasingly important as a factor in the development of modern society, on the supply competence of public officers for public service, and then to compare the differences between China and Korea. To this end, this paper analyzes the survey results conducted in 2017 on 137 public officials in two districts of Seongnam city in Korea, and 351 civil servants of Jinan city in China. In order to analyze the effect of social capital on the supply of local government public services, regression analysis was conducted on the survey responses. The results of the study can be summarized as follows. The first, Korean public officers obtain significantly higher scores than Chinese respondents in all the areas of social capital and supply competence for public services. The second, trust, participation, and social norm among social capital has more significant and positive effects on supply competence of public officers for public services except public relation. The third, there is significant and positive moderating effect of participation among social capital on coordination integration ability and morality between Korea and China. In general, the higher level of participation leads to the greater coordination integration ability and morality by Chinese public officers than Korean public officers.