John Webb’s An Historical Essay Endeavoring a Probability That the Language of the Empire of China is the Primitive Language is a most interesting text in the history of Western Sinology. It uses many sources, including the Christian Bible, Jesuit texts about China, records of Chinese history, and western texts on universal language and history. Using these sources, Webb asserts that the language of China is the primitive language in Genesis. Antiquity, simplicity, generality, modesty of expression, utility, brevity are its proofs. In todays view, Webb’s theory is very absurd and inaccurate. However, in the development of Western Sinology, it is very important because of its position as the first Western text that enquires the Chinese language. Until recently, Western Sinology or International Sinology has not been fully acknowledged in Korea. An observation of John Webb’s book gives us a chance to research the historical background about the Western knowledge on China.