Humanism and Christian faith of the 20th century evolved with existential ideas, which were part of the modern conception of the self. Actually, existentialism was a philosophically oriented idea of the search for selfhood. Kierkegaard and Nietzsche contributed to developing the idea of existence and the self. The fact that one was Christian, the other not, perpetuated a division that still stays with us. Existential humanism then signifies freedom and choice by individual in reaction to conflicts between traditional Christian ideas to find the roots of human existence. Human spirit in literature is to be doubtful of traditional Christian faith and to be nihilistic towards contemporary values in an extreme way; thereby it defines itself as an individual form of faith depending on how each writer experiences Christianity in terms of worldly conditions. Actually, today Christian faith evolves with postmodern ideas to experience the liberation of the self. (Sangji University)