The people of South Korea are very sensitive when it comes to the subject of mandatory military service, and the discussion of the conscription of naturalized citizens may become a social issue. Therefore, this paper seeks to analyze the feasibility of conscripting naturalized citizens by identifying issues and conflicting views. The feasibility analysis of conscription of naturalized citizens is conducted through three criteria: military adaptability, social equity, and policy effectiveness. The analysis results show that the conscription of naturalized citizens is appropriate as Korean society faces inevitable flow toward diversified society. Further, this new policy will achieve greater social integration through the creation of the social capital and expansion of shared national sentiments.