This research is a part of the result of considering how the association of intellectuals vigorously conducted in Japan in the 18th and 19th century and the writing of essay writing correlated with the formation of "knowledge".
Toenkai was formed in 1825 to share knowledge and spread the view while exchanging rare stories and strangers at a meeting of intellectuals by Kyokutei Bakin. Intelligent people who are active in various fields participated in the Toenkai, so it was possible to share knowledge of different areas of interest and expertise. The knowledge shared by discussing at Toenkai was compiled as "Toenshosetsu". The content includes "information" such as gossip stories of the public from the fate of acquaintances, "knowledge" such as contents of lyrics and story-related content. This means that Toenkai was not formed solely for the purpose of sharing "information" but also has the property of "knowledge" sharing.
Many "knowledge" was shared through the association formed mainly by writers who were called intellectuals, and as a result of the fact that this was written as a letter and books were compiled, and then knowledge spread out from the party. Knowledge was formed in the center of book distribution such as Edo, Kyoto, Osaka, knowledge was spread by revitalization of book distribution.