본고에서는 14-15세기 프랑스 사회의 풍속과 문화의 몇몇 특징을 불어 어휘를 통하여 살펴보았다. 본고의 연구 범위를 특정한 한 시대, 그것도 더 이상 사용되지 않는 사어기인 14-15세기로 한정한 이유는 이 시기가 역사적으로 프랑스 근세사회 형성기에 속하며, 불어사에서는 불어 어휘 생성 측면에서 아주 중요한 시기이기 때문이다. 이 시기의 특징으로는 무엇보다도 번역가들의 도움에 힘입은 엄청난 라틴어 어휘의 불어 차용을 들 수 있다. 또한 백년 전쟁과 흑사병과 같은 정치, 사회적 상황이 신조어, 특히 법률, 군대, 의학 분야에서 중요한 역할을 하고 있음을 살핀다. 상대적으로 농업, 건축 및 오락 용어의 빈약성은 전쟁, 기근과 같은 재변이 프랑스 사회를 지배하고 있음을 보여준다. 따라서 이 시대에 팽배해 있던 불안과 죽음의 공포에서 탈출하는 방법은 종교를 통한 구원이다. 여기에 음악과 종교극과 같은 예술적 표현이 중요한 역할을 수행하면서 민중에게 삶에 대한 희망의 빛을 안겨 준다. 이상의 사실에서, 중세불어기의 어휘는 이 시기가 소요, 불안, 갈등의 시기임과 동시에 과학의 발달에 의한 진보의 시대로 가는 전환기에 위치하면서, 르네상스기의 모태가 되고 있음을 극명하게 보여준다.

Neurolinguistic study is closely related with English education Such a correlation can be found in three representative aspects of the study, that is, the functional distinction in right and left cerebral hemispheres, the maturation of the brain, and the directionality of errors in aphasic language. Based on the study, several teaching methods may be suggested such as the necessity of teaching English in early childhood, using visual teaching materials and a right ear, teaching unmarked linguistic elements earlier than marked ones, etc. However, some arguments against such a position are also referred. Therefore, the application of neurolinguistic study in English education requires more sufficient research and more prudent attitude.

In general, vowel harmony and total assimilation in Koran occur relying on tones and glides in the relevant environments, as seen in the verbal ending /-a/ attaches to a stem in Mungyeong Dialect. The present paper aims to show the relevance of glides and tones to vowel [ATR] and glides /w/ and /y/ in the intervocalic position realizes [ATR] harmony. Next the final vowel /i/ in polysyllabic stems is unaffected by vowel harmony. Second, the total assimilation occurs in the following environments: the verbal ending /-◎/ triggers progressive assimilation, whereas /-a/ does regressive assimilation when they attaches to a stem. The total assimilation takes places when the stem-final syllable is high tone, unless the underlying stem-final consonant /h,z/ deletes.

This paper presents an articulated account of cross linguistic variations in passives, preserving the argumentation that the passive morpheme is syntactically an argument. The account is developed by parameterizing the categorial status of the passive morpheme : it can be categorically Infl, Verb, Noun, or some sort of combinations of these categories across languages. The account proposed here not only captures assorted properties of passives across languages, but also predicts possible or impossible passive forms in certain languages in a principled way. It also serves to provide a good case study for the possibility that a morphological affix can be an argument in the syntactic sense, namely the presence of an affixal argument in the grammar.

Cette e´tude a pour but d`examiner la dure´e des segments et des syllabes daps le cadre d`une recherche sur le phe´nome｀ne rythmique en franc¿ais. En nous basant sur une expe´rimentation portant 132 phrases lues par trois sujets, nous avons e´value´ et analyse´ la dure´e des segments en fonction de trois crite｀res : la position des syllabes daps le groupe rythmique, la structure syllabique, et le caracte｀re des consonnes en position finale de syllabe. Les re´sultats qui se de´gagent de cette e´tude nous permettent de conquer que la dure´e des syllabes varie de fac¿on importante selon les trois crite｀res e´tudie´s. L`isochronisme syllabique (`syllable-timing`) qui, d`apre｀s certains auteurs, est cense´ caracte´riser le rythme du franc¿ais est donc formellement re´fute´.

This paper is about the role and status of English in the world and in Korea. The status of English is that of a foreign language in Korea. The role of English is very influential in various areas because this is the age of communication and the global village. In this respect, it might be necessary to have thorough consideration as English education. This paper proposes to contribute the improvement of present English education in Korea by suggesting pedagogical and societal implication.

Indirect speech is a metalinguistic means to describe the speaker`s intended illocutionary act, and an intended illocutionary force is a kind of conversational implicature in that it is inferred by the hearer in the context of situation. Intended illocutionary acts can be divided into literal illocutionary acts and nonliteral illocutionary acts. When he/she describes the former, the reporter is committed to the repetition of the propositional content of an utterance, and in describing the latter, he/she describes the illocutionary act with an implicated proposition that is different from the proposition expressed by an utterance. But in a real-life conversational situation the speaker usually produces a sequence of utterances in order to convey his intended illocutionary force. In this case despite the surface act of the each utterance performed by the speaker, all these utterances contribute to the speaker`s eventual underlying illocutionary act, and the reporter describes this underlying illocutionary act using the grammatical formula of indirect speech.

The purpose of present paper is to analyze vowel shortening in English by a noncyclic approach. Vowel shortening in English has been a good proofing evidence for a cyclic approach to English phonology with word stress analysis. We start by reviewing in section 2 three recent proposals regarding vowel shortening in English that makes reference to the prosodic categories syllable and/or foot. Then we present in section 3 three arguments given by Kiparsky in favor of the cyclicity of vowel shortening processes in English. Finally, we point out a number of problems with a cyclic analysis of vowel shortening. It is argued that these problems can be solved in a noncyclic analysis of vowel shortening.

This paper surveys the history of machine translation(MT) from the 50`s to the present, and describes the stages (Analysis, Transfer and Generation) and strategies of MT(Transfer and Interlingua Method). The paper also examines the present systems employing semantic approaches and directs the DCS(Dynamic Comprehension System) toward Hierarchical Generalization and Cross- classification for the representation of nouns.

The term `aspect` is used in both a narrower sense, in which it refers to grammatical categories which have to do with the structure of a situation or the speaker`s perspective on it, and notional(semantic) categories relating to the classification of situations(states of affairs). The term Aktionsart is often used to denote the latter. Crosslinguistically, grammatical aspect, alongside the the categories tense and mood, plays a central role in verbal morphology. In this article, I would like to describe English perfect by the conceptual graphs suggested by Sowa. Concerning the present perfect which has both phase and tense meaning, the description is a little complicated but conceptual graphs well explain the meaning of the present perfect, especially in its relation to the time adverbial. The past perfect can be regarded as an anterior version either of the pretent perfect or of the simple past.