Paulo Freire’s (1970, 1973) problem-posing approach to teaching and learning has been widely discussed and applied to a number of educational settings, including that of immigrant ESL courses in the U.S. (Wallerstein, 1983). Less, however, has been written about the application of Freirian pedagogy to EFL courses, particularly as it relates to specific in-class activities. The purpose of this study is to provide an example of one classroom activity for adult EFL learners in Korea that was designed based on Freire’s problem-posing education and to observe students’ reactions and responses to this activity. The generative theme identified was English education in Korea. Using clips from the Korean film “Please Teach Me English” as codification, the researchers asked students to share their perceptions of the issues that emerged as well as discuss their reactions to the activity itself. Themes that were identified in the students’ discussion included reasons for and pressure to learn English, ways in which English is taught and tested in Korea, influences of English education, and possible solutions to perceived problems. The responses and reactions of the participants to the activity designed for this study can be interpreted as evidence of support for Freire’s problem-posing approach in an EFL setting. (Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology)

This paper attempts to interpret Cymbeline in view of the Christian spirit. Even though the title of this play is Cymbeline, Posthumus is considered as a main character who embodies the Christian pattern of sin, the fall and the redemption. Imogen plays the important role of forgiving Posthumus and restoring his father, Cymbeline to his innate state of mind. Iachimo tries to break the relation between Posthumus and Imogen in a very wicked way, but he fails and asks of forgiveness from Posthumus. In the middle of the action, Posthumus falls into the deep bog of doubt and depravity, but he realizes his errors and repents his sins to be redeemed. Imogen endures many trials, so as to bring everyone to a happy ending. Posthumus and Cymbeline are saved by Imogen’s true love. And the relation between Britain and Rome is restored. The dramatic action of Cymbeline can be explained in view of the Christian spirit. But I tries to point out that Shakespeare does not write this play to show only the Christian doctrine, but to create an ideal world to bring happiness and wish fulfillment for human beings. (Hannam University)

This article examines the intertextual dynamics between the two fairy-tale retellings of the Brother Grimms’ “Snow White”―Tarsem Singh’s Mirror Mirror and Walt Disney’s Snow White and the Seven Dwarf―and argues that the moments of intertextual engagement in Singh’s retelling serve as a criticism of Disney’s version. In the intertextual moments where the two texts overlap but not quite, such as the title of the film, the queen, Snow White, the dwarfs, and the mirror, it is clear that Singh’s Mirror Mirror attempts to break down the traditional dichotomy of good and evil, and gender binary that has been reinforced by Disney. Although the film’s ending may be disappointing as it fails to avoid fully the traditional dichotomy, it is undeniable that the film has provided a useful site to examine the intertextual dynamics among the fairy-tale retellings and the retellings’ function as a criticism of the pre-texts. (Korea Baptist Theological University)

Barbara Kingsolver has inquired into the various perspectives and problems of environment and society. Flight Behavior (2012) can be defined as a way of project and literary practice of Kingsolver``s ``Rewriting Genesis.`` The goal is the genesis of a new world through metamorphosis of the ecosystem. In her novel, the importance of the son Prestone stands out, showing his role not as simply a child but more like Adam in the Bible, or takes responsibility for creation of Heaven and Earth like Abraham. Based on the biological kinship, it has a rippling effect like Butterfly Effect to expand into a much greater system. The ecosystem that Kingsolver suggests is an ideal community of human and the nature which moves toward the ecological inhabitation and harmony, in that it is not a habitat for women only but a sustainable habitation for future generations. To induce a change, it is inevitable to transform or overturn it, as Dellarobia, the desperate wife and perfect female, did. Kingsolver wants us to show a possible way through writing a new genesis with help of our kinship community. (Jeonnam National University)

The present study investigated ``whether implementing different types of feedback in students``. process-oriented writing has a positive effect on improving the participants`` English writing proficiency, how the participants perceive their writing experiences in conjunction with feedback activity, and how much helpful the participants perceive which types of feedback are for their revision processes. Forty two Korean EFL university freshmen who enrolled in a required English course offered in the fall semester of 2011 were participated in this study. The participants were required to complete four writing assignments as one of the course requirements. The participants experienced teacher written feedback, student written feedback, and feedback from teacherstudent conference while completing writing assignments in conjunction with revision processes in response to feedback. Data were gathered through pre- and post-writing and pre- and post-questionnaire. The results of this study reveal that writing experiences in conjunction with feedback activity would be beneficial for the improvement of the Korean EFL students`` writing ability and for the perception change on their attitudes toward writing in English and feedback. (Anyang University)

The acquisition of polysemous words in a foreign language epitomizes the retention and representation of linguistic knowledge as well as its developmental dynamics. In this study, Korean high school students were asked to carry out two types of English vocabulary tasks: a word-in-isolation task and a word-in-context task. Each task was made up of three sets of polysemous words selected from 1000-, 2000-, and 3000-level frequency words, respectively. In addition, the students’ strategies for learning and determining the meanings of polysemous words were assessed through written questionnaires and class discussion. Overall, the students showed a higher rate of acquisition when measured by the word-in-context task than the word-in-isolation task, and they had greater difficulty identifying the meaning of less frequent polysemous words. Students relied more on memorized meanings when dealing with high-frequency polysems. When words were presented in isolation, the meanings of more frequent polysems were better recalled than less frequent ones. When words were presented in context, however, frequency was not proportionate to knowledge. All these observations suggest that differences in L2 learners’ knowledge of polysemous words lie not only in how many individual meanings they have memorized but in how well they make use of contextual cues and that as the learners’ reading proficiency develops, their vocabulary knowledge becomes contextualized to a greater extent. (Chonnam National University)

In St. Mawr, the heroine, Lou denounces all her conventional norms, moralities and thoughts. This annihilation of old self leads her to the uncanny world of the Dionysian Real. The absoluteness in the landscape of Las Chivas is envisioned by Becoming in which the presence of the Real is exposed through the metaphoric images of fluctuating forces in eternal changes. In Las Chivas, Lou experiences her jouissance beyond the Phallus in ecstasy. She feels an enormous pain as well as a blissful pleasure, which is associated with the death drive ultimately heading to the pre-phallic world of the Cosmic Womb. Moreover, in St. Mawr, Lawrence proclaims the death of the Man-God whose significance implies the patricide of the Loving God, thus shattering the Logos rooted in western theology and metaphysics. In her Dionysian jouissance, she knows nothing; however, she knows it when it happens. Lawrence’s aim is how to realize the Dionysian Real artistically through Lou’s jouissance, epiphany and enlightenment. (Hannam University)

Most of verbal languages have many loanwords from other languages. Especially, in this global period, here are more loanwords in verbal languages because of frequent contacts among the peoples of different countries. Generally, a loanword means “a word borrowed from a donor language and incorporated into a recipient language without translation. It is distinguished from a calque, or loan translation, where a meaning or an idiom from another language is translated into existing words or roots of the host language.” In Korean, there are many loanwords from Chinese, Japanese, and English owing to some special reasons. This paper aims to study two questions: (1) How are English loanwords formed in Korean and what are their examples? and (2) What kinds of English loanwords can be found in fieldwork and which word formations do they belong to? (Hanbat National University)

By the use of fetishized heroines, Rhys shows the logic of gender relations based on the male gaze. To be a woman on the street is to be constantly scrutinized by the male gaze. Active male spectators enjoy vicarious control and possession of women. In this culture, the look is largely controlled by men while women are usually subordinated to male appreciation and, further, turn into fetish commodities. In addition, female dependency upon men for economic survival inheres within their status as sexual commodities. In this context, men play a role of buyers and fulfill their sexual desires as insatiable consumers. In Quartet, Marya Zelli is depicted as a form of fetishized femme. She becomes the source of male fantasy and is no more than a puppet. Marya is destined to become an object of exchanging from one man to another; her husband, Stephan adores her beauty and makes her his fetish doll and his successor, Heidler makes her his adorable object of art. Heidler as a sophisticated urban consumer represents a characteristic of the commodity culture in which exhausted desire must be re-stimulated by another object, spectacle, or entertainment. (Sogang University)

The purpose of this study is to examine the current situation of English pronunciation education for Korean university students in accordance with the new role of English as an International Language (EIL). This study analyzed English teaching materials for university students―18 textbooks (9 conversation books and 9 TOEIC books) and audio materials accompanying those books to find out to what extent the teaching materials cover pronunciation in the context of EIL. All the teaching materials were analyzed in terms of two categories: Jenkins’ Lingua Franca Core (LFC) and the variety of English accents. The results showed that a very small amount of pronunciation and the LFC features were included in the textbooks. With respect to the variety of English accents, both conversation books and TOEIC books showed a high level of dependence on the American accent in the audio materials. (Hoseo University)