作为一部口语化程度很高的清代世情小说 『姑妄言』中运用了大量的俗语。通过对 『姑妄言』中的俗语进行考察、分析, 得出了以下结论： 第一, 『姑妄言』中的俗语有助于塑造人物形象, 凸显人物性格。作品中的俗语雅俗兼备, 且所选俗语都是由人物的身份、地位、学历及生活经历等来决定的。这些俗语的大量运用使得作品中的人物形象栩栩如生, 人物性格鲜明生动, 极大地增强了作品语言的艺术魅力。 第二, 『姑妄言』中的俗语反映了明末淸初黑暗腐朽的社会现实, 有力地揭露了封建制度对人性的扭曲和伤害。明末淸初官场的黑暗腐败和當时道德沦丧的社会风气在这些俗语中得到了最为充分的体现。 第三, 『姑妄言』中的俗语加深了作品的思想主题, 表达了作者劝诫世人多做善事。

This paper focused on Qing(情) and Yu(欲) in Songci(宋詞). Qing is platonic love or attachment, Yu is sexual desire. In this paper, I regarded ChiQing(癡情) as a main part of Qing(情) in Songci(宋詞), and mentioned lust(好色) as Yu (欲). Songci as a main poetry in chinese traditional literature, it has strong lyricism, but it also has lust as well. In other words, Songci has moderate Qing as a chinese traditional poetry, but it also has lust that had seldom mentioned in chinese traditional ancient poetry. Generally speaking, the describing of sexual desire in chinese literature is thought to have originated in the novels of Ming and Qing Dynasties. But Songci has described lust and sexual desire very plainly. So it has a very special and significant meaning from the view of sexual love and relations between men and women in chinese ancient literature. In particular, Liuyong(柳永)’s poetry is full of expressions of natural sincerity and love and desire in unity.

This essay conducts a comparative analysis on intonation phrase features of Chinese declarative sentences spoken by Chinese native speakers and Korean students. Three phonetic phenomena that related to pitch are examined: tone contour, tone range and pitch declination. Result shows that, Korean students are able to pronounce four Chinese tones correctly and have obvious features of tone contour and tone range. As for the relationship between tone and intonation, Chinese native speaker’s intonation regulates tone while Korean learner’s tone regulates intonation. Therefore, Korean learner shows a full tone contour and tone range but doesn’t have an obvious tone range between upper and lower limits. As for the pitch declination, no systematic declination was found in experimental sentences that ended with first tone, which hints that the semantic function of intonation is difficult to learn for Korean students. Regard to the classroom teaching, we suggest a method that to practice pause-extension and co-articulation within a prosodic unit first and conduct the integrated teaching of phonetics, grammar and semantics afterwards.

移动动词‘오다’和‘来’是使用频率非常高的动词。对它们的对比研究一般局限在作为趋向动词的语义和搭配关系, 并取得了很多研究成果。笔者认为趋向动词的语义扩展和搭配功能基于动词的语义, 试着从它们作为一般动词, 跟生命体、具体事物、身体范畴、时间范畴、抽象事物等搭配使用中产生的语义和搭配关系, 找出‘오다’与‘来’之间的共性与个性。对比发现‘오다’在搭配上比较自由, 扩展派生义多于‘来’。

Social transformation of China and Taiwan has greatly influenced these two societies to coin many new words. Newly coined worlds in these two societies have resulted from their differences throughout theses years. Such differences are made and reflected by their historical and geographical long-term isolation on the one hand and the changing environment and culture on the other hand. The analysis of this paper is organized in their following manner: First, it focuses on the word-formation such as characteristics of words and ways of word-formations. Second, it investigates external forms including the number of objective references. Lastly, it also analyzes reasons which make such differences in new words in relation to typologies and factors of new words in China and Taiwan. The differences are influenced by social intuitions, dialects, foreign words, and abbreviations. The recent increasing cross-straits relations contacts not only have influenced the societies, but they also influenced neologisms across straits which have a tendency to integrate with each other. Taken together, this paper gives implications for linguistic changes which are reflected by the changing dynamics of the societies.

本论文以语法化与认知语言学的理论为依据, 将共时研究与历时研究相结合, 考察了时间副词“就”的形成过程与该过程中的语法化机制。在既往研究的基础上, 本文得出如下结论: 第一, 时间副词“就”出现于魏晋南北朝, 其基本用法完成于清朝。第二, 隐喻是使其形成的机制之一。通过隐喻, “就”得以由表移动而虚化为表时间, 本文还证明了看似语义相反的表“马上”的“就”与表“已经”的“就”实际上在认知上是一脉相通的, 即都是由空间领域里的【接近】这一语义通过隐喻衍生而来, 只是由于句中的参照时间之间的不同而引起解释上的不同而已。第三, 重新分析是促使其形成的另一个机制。当动词“就”出现在连动句前一个动词之位时, 随着其语义泛化的进行, 其后的动词也发生语义变化, 同时当【移动性】不再是“就”的必要语义特征时, 后续动词与日渐结构复杂化的宾语的语义联系得到强化, 从而使得“就”与该宾语的语义关系变得疏松, 由此“就”进化成了修饰其后动宾结构的状语, 获得了副词的语法功能。

1992年韩中建交以后多年的发展一直推动韩中两国关系的进展。在20多年的时间里从政治和经济领域起步的韩中关系已扩展到社会和文化关系的。目前韩中关系的发展状态被视为相当稳定的。不过最近随着世界化与跨国主义扩大趋势使韩中关系的外延拉到民间社团和跨国公司的交流上让韩中关系越来越复杂的阶段。其实韩中关系的发展里两国的传统文化的认同感积极的作用非常显示的。因此韩中关系的发展比中国和西方国家关系更快更敏捷的。然而最近在韩中关系里两国的排外的民族主义倾向的抬头要威胁韩中关系的根本性操作机制。因此为了坚持韩中关系的稳定的发展两国民众以跨国主义视野来打定互相包容的理解基础。

To understand the direction of SOE’s reform at Xi JInping’s era, this paper tried to trace the historical path of Chinese SOE’s reform at the viewpoint from ‘Path Dependence’. This paper also tried to identify what is the key goal of the reform history. Through that, we can figure out whether it is possible to change SOE’s reform path under the new condition of Xi JInping’s era. In conclusion, This paper argue that the key goal of Chinese SOE’s reform is ‘market competitiveness’, which consistently lead the policy direction of corporate governance reform. But it is not to pursue the radical change like ‘SOE’s privatization’. That is to say, it means not to attempt ‘broad denationalization’ as sweeping path change but to keep the path of “corporate governance reform without privatization”.

At the Third Plenum of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) 16th Central Committee provided blueprints of “YiRenWeiBen(to take people as the foremost)”for government administration. CCP suggested direction of political reform with ‘Legislation’ and ‘Democratization’. But CCP is very coy about multiparty system, separation of the three powers, freedom of speech, expansion of popular election etc. Preferably, CCP cannot satisfy the needs of their people about democratic reform that is expressed on the internet or SNS. If the Chinese Traditional Thoughts for the Humanism feed into modern China that is no longer an absolute monarchy, the reform of policies must take precedence in order. This study aims to better understand CCP who claim to advocater “YiRenWeiBen(to take people as the foremost)” that frequently appear in Chinese modern history, by reviewing undertone of “YiRenWeiben”. In the traditional political thoughts, there is no question about the emperor power, but in the modern political thoughts who has manipulation of power is question of all. Because the people is politically subordinate to the government ruler in a monarch-governed society, there is no sense of peole is factors immanent in social evolution. Because Chinese people have little experience democratism, so they show a passive attitude towards every political participation. During the past three decades of reform and opening up, the gap between economic growth and value of democracy has actually increased. “YiRenWeiBen” is the result of much thoughtful consideration by Hu-Jintao government.

This paper has three characteristics in empirical study method. First, this paper use three dependent variables, per capita GDP data, employment number of second and third industries, and the private car registration number. Second, this paper divides the regional culture into the regional culture supply and the regional culture demand. Third, this paper divides the regional culture into the professional regional culture, the private regional culture and the public regional culture. This paper sets the regional panel data base, the cross region include 31 regions, and the period include from 2001 to 2010. The fixed effect model finds the three results. First, the regional culture supply and the regional culture demand have positive significance to the regional economic development. Second, the private regional culture and the public regional culture more significant than the professional regional culture to the regional economic development. Third, the private regional culture have more significant than the public regional culture to the regional economic development.