With the drastic change in religious and intellectual arena in the mid nineteenth century America, Emerson`s interest in the Oriental religion left a considerable footprint in his later work The Conduct of Life. In The Conduct of Life, Emerson attempts to harmonize science and religion and the ordinary and the transcendental with the help of oriental religious philosophy. He tries to accept oriental ideas in response to the intellectual changes in America. He advocates freedom in the face of tyrannical fate with the help of oriental concept of cause and effect. He finds the ethical function of the law of cause and effect in the essays. He emphasized moral works relating the idea with the new form of religion he efforts to construct. With the Buddhist concept of the law of cause and effect, he proves how inadequate the scientific inquiry to examine faith and intuition which transcends logic.

The purpose of this study is to explore the effect of reading instruction using Internet-based fairy tales on elementary students` reading ability and their affective domain. The participants were 3th and 4th graders who enrolled an extracurricular English class. Data collection and data analysis were implemented by both quantitative and qualitative approaches. The results show that Internet-based reading instruction: 1) helped improving their English reading ability; 2) positively influenced on their affective domain; 3) increased students` interests, self-confidence, and willingness to participation. Consequently, the reading instruction using Internet-based fairy tales can be an effective way for English reading instruction for extracurricular English class in EFL environments. The results also suggest that teachers should develop appropriate and useful reading activities using the Internet-based fairy tales in order to improve their students` reading ability

William Carlos Williams has been read as a poet of reality, meaning a non-religious poet. This paper aims to consider William Carlos Williams as a religious poet, presenting a new way to read his poetry. Religion was for Williams no more than knowledge of the earth. Believing that the artist is limited to the range of his contact with the objective world, Williams attempted to write poetry to effect "the shock of immediacy." Williams`s poetic mission is to proclaim a poetics of immediacy, "No ideas but in things." Williams`s poetics is a radical Christian hermeneutics of the Incarnation, the Word made flesh, rejecting the poetry of ideas propounded by such poets as T. S. Eliot who accommodated the traditional Christian doctrine of the sinfulness of man into his poetry. Williams might be called a literary prophet who propagates the poetry of the things rather than the poetry of the ideas which gave birth to the poetry of symbolism.

This paper aims to focus on the outcomes which we consider to be relevant and transferable for special purpose from online corpora and provide the methods how to apply the outcomes in the process of English language teaching. Not only vocabulary but also collocational knowledge is indispensible to English learners because the learners have relatively few chances to repeatedly encounter typical word sequences. As corpora provide the observable and verifiable evidence of linguistic phenomenon, it is necessary we use the naturally occurring corpus data in teaching classroom. Checking our intuitions against corpus data can help confirm or challenging our preconceptions about words, phrases, constructions and grammar what they mean and how they are used. Frequency level of the lexical unit or constructions can be reflected as teaching priority. The exploring methods of online corpora applicable in ELT are shown in this paper.

Jonathan Swift has been thought to be a misanthrope because he describes men as hateful animals in his satiric works such as Gulliver`s Travels. In particular, he is accused of misogyny by depicting disgusting female figures in his prose and verse alike. I study the way he expresses his hatred of man, the reason of his fury, the real intention of his satire by analysing his biographical materials such as Correspondence, Journal to Stella. Absurdity and degeneration of man led him to strong anger at the gap between the reality and the ideal. Disillusioned by the reality veiled under the falsehood, he advises us to have an insight to penetrate the surface. Here lies the end of his satire. This paper aims to examine if he should be called a misanthrope or a misogynist. Having observed a lot of bitterness of life, Swift says that his work is a tortured attempt to make people look into things as they are. This is his love for men, not hatred. And as to his misogyny, I think differently: he had many female friends for whom he showed his genuine respect and love all his life. Swift felt keenly the gap between the ideal and the real, never giving up love for man.

The purpose of this article is to investigate how Byron`s Parisina features the perceptions of Parisina and Hugo about their distress and frustration of life brought about by the repercussion of their fatal, forbidden love. The poet intensifies the dynamic procedure in which they confront the irresolvable human issues of suffering, fate, and mortality with silence and stoic fortitude. The two characters commonly exert their unrelenting, indomitable spirit in encountering the suffering and agony imposed by the consequence of their irrevocable flaw in a conventional moral sense. The paper examines their reticent yet vigorous resistance to the agonizing situation which can tempt them to succumb to their weakness in undertaking the inevitable result of pain and death necessitated by their blemish in a conservative society. In addition, the article incorporates another remarkable figure Azo, exploring his complex personality which embodies the silent, imperturbable way of responding to the internal burdens caused by his turbulent experience of the catastrophic family affair.